Helping Children Thrive:
Using the Balanced Play Pyramid
in the Classroom

Most teachers instinctively know that play is vital for children’s development. It helps them build friendships, burn off energy, and explore ideas in ways that textbooks alone can’t achieve. But with growing demands on curriculum time, increased use of technology, and rising pressure on schools to deliver academic results, play can sometimes feel like an afterthought.

The Balanced Play Pyramid is a simple tool to help parents, carers, and educators think about play in the same way we think about food. Just as children need a balanced diet to grow strong and healthy, they also need a balanced play diet to thrive.

Too much of one thing or too little of another can limit their growth. The Pyramid provides a framework to check that children are getting the right mix of play experiences, not just at home but in school as well.

In this article, I’ll explain how you can use the Pyramid in your classroom, with practical examples of activities that bring balance, support learning, and promote children’s all-round development.

The Foundations: What the Pyramid Shows

The Pyramid has three dimensions:

  • What children play (types of activities)
  • Where they play (settings)
  • Who they play with (social contexts)

 

Each layer is about balance. Some forms of play, like active, imaginative, social, child-led play, are the “superfoods.” Children can never really get too much of these.

Other forms, such as passive screen time, are more like the sweets and treats of a diet and should be rationed. The key is not to ban or overemphasise any one type but to make sure that across the day or week children get a healthy mix.

When used in schools, the Pyramid can help teachers:

  • Reflect on the balance of classroom activities.
  • Spot gaps in children’s play opportunities.
  • Make small, achievable changes that benefit wellbeing, behaviour, and learning.
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What Children Play: Building a Balanced Menu

 

1. Superfoods: Active, social, Imaginative Play

These are the heart of the Pyramid. Child-led, open-ended activities help children develop social, emotional, and cognitive skills in ways that structured lessons cannot.

Why it matters in school

  • Improves communication and teamwork.

     

  • Builds creativity and resilience.

     

  • Supports physical health and attention spans.

     

Practical examples:

  • Role-play corners: Even in upper primary, you can use drama-based tasks—re-enacting a historical event or imagining life on another planet.

     

  • Movement breaks: Five minutes of “shake and freeze” or a class-wide dance energises children and refocuses attention.

     

  • Imaginative storytelling: Give pupils random objects (a feather, a spoon, a button) and ask them to create a story together.

 

 

2. Middle Layers: Structured and Creative Play

While not as “essential” as free play, these activities still bring great benefits when used in balance.

Board and group games

  • Reinforce turn-taking, strategy, and problem-solving.

     

  • Classroom example: use a maths board game as a fun warm-up or literacy-based word games for spelling practice.

     

Construction play

  • Develops spatial reasoning, perseverance, and fine motor skills.

     

  • Classroom example: Lego challenge—build a bridge strong enough to hold a book, or design a model to explain a science concept.

     

Creative play

  • Supports self-expression and emotional literacy.

     

  • Classroom example: art projects linked to topics, puppet shows to retell a story, or role-play interviews with a character from a novel.

     

3. The Treats: Screen-Based Play

Screens are part of modern life, and they do have their place in the classroom. But they need to be used wisely and may be best reserved for learning activities rather than free play time.

Purposeful use of technology

  • Coding and programming activities.

     

  • Digital storytelling apps.

     

  • Virtual field trips to enhance understanding.

     

Practical tip:

Frame screen use as a tool, not a default. A class making a stop-motion animation is very different from passive video-watching.

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Where Children Play: Varying the Settings

The environment shapes the way children learn and play. A healthy balance includes outdoors, indoors, and on-the-go play.

 

 

Outdoor Play

Benefits:

  • Boosts physical health and fitness.

     

  • Improves sleep and mood.

     

  • Develops risk management and problem-solving.

     

In school:

  • Daily outdoor breaks are vital. Prioritise them even when the timetable feels tight.

     

  • Use playgrounds for science (measuring shadows, observing plants) or maths (times tables relay races).

     

  • Nature hunts: ask children to collect or record signs of the season, then use them in creative writing.

     


 

Indoor Play

Indoor settings allow for quieter, focused play.

  • Den building with classroom furniture for storytelling.

     

  • Quiet reading corners for solitary play.

     

  • Art and craft spaces for creative projects.

     


 

On-the-Go Play

Journeys and transitions can become playful learning moments.

  • Play I-Spy with phonics sounds or times tables as you walk between classes.

     

  • Use call-and-response games during line-ups to reinforce learning.

     

  • For older pupils, use “quick-fire question walks” around the playground. Each stop involves answering a revision question.

Who Children Play With: The Social Mix

Play is not just about activities, but about relationships.

The Pyramid encourages a balance of peer play, intergenerational play, and solitary play.

 

 

Peer Play

Benefits:

  • Teaches negotiation, compromise, and empathy.

     

  • Reduces reliance on adults to solve conflicts.

     

In school:

  • Group problem-solving tasks where children must agree on a solution.

     

  • Peer mentoring—older pupils paired with younger ones for reading or projects.

     

  • “Buddy systems” at playtime to encourage inclusion.

     


 

Play with Adults

Adults bring different benefits—modelling behaviours, scaffolding learning, and encouraging new strategies.

  • Join in with board games to model patience and turn-taking.

     

  • Use role play to explore emotions—“I’ll be the character who feels left out. What can we do to include me?”

     

  • Teacher-led imaginative play in early years helps children find words for complex feelings.

     


 

Solitary Play

Children also need time to explore on their own.

  • Quiet corners for drawing, reading, or puzzles.

     

  • “Choose your own task” sessions where children pick from a menu of activities.

     

  • Journaling or reflection time to build intrapersonal awareness.

Making It Work in the Classroom

Teachers are already under pressure, so this isn’t about creating extra work. Instead, the Play Pyramid can help you make the most of what you’re already doing.

 

 

Step 1: Reflect

  • Think about your weekly timetable. Which layers of the Pyramid are well covered? Where are the gaps?

     

  • For example: “We do lots of indoor structured play, but not much outdoor imaginative play.”

     

Step 2: Tweak

  • Make small changes, like moving a group project outside, or swapping one worksheet for a problem-solving game.

     

Step 3: Involve the Children

  • Let them choose how to approach a task: “Would you like to act it out, build a model, or draw a diagram?”

     

  • Encourage them to reflect: “Who did you work with today? Did you also get some time to work on your own?”

     

Step 4: Build Habits

    • Consistency matters. Just as daily fruit and veg support physical health, daily “superfood” play supports learning and wellbeing.

Why Balance Matters

 

The Balanced Play Pyramid isn’t about squeezing in more play for the sake of it. It’s about using play as a tool to support children’s overall development. When children get the right balance:

  • They are fitter, healthier, and more ready to learn.

  • They build stronger friendships and emotional resilience.

  • They concentrate better in lessons.

  • They are more creative, adaptable, and confident.

Ultimately, a balanced play diet prepares children not just for exams, but for life.

 

Conclusion

As educators, you have an extraordinary opportunity to shape the way children experience play. By using the Balanced Play Pyramid in your classroom, you can make sure children get the right mix of activities, environments, and social experiences to help them thrive.

The Pyramid is not a rigid prescription. It’s a flexible guide, something you can return to when planning lessons, reflecting on the school day, or supporting individual children. Just as you’d encourage healthy eating habits, you can encourage healthy play habits. And in doing so, you’ll be giving your pupils the best possible foundation for learning, wellbeing, and lifelong success.

If you’re an educator or organisation looking to integrate play into learning more effectively, get in touch with us using the button below to find out how we can support you.